Indiangrass (Sorghastrum nutans) is a warm-season perennial grass native to North America. It is a key species in prairie ecosystems and is valued for its role in wildlife habitat creation. Indiangrass is highly beneficial for wildlife because it provides cover, forage, and seed for numerous species, including upland birds, deer, and small mammals. It thrives in prairie restoration projects and is commonly used in native grass plantings for wildlife conservation.

Benefits for Wildlife Habitat

✔ Cover for nesting birds, small mammals, and pollinators.
✔ Provides seeds for songbirds, wild turkeys, and small mammals.
✔ The tall, dense growth provides protection for ground-nesting birds such as bobwhite quail.
✔ Important for attracting invertebrates like grasshoppers and beetles, which are food sources for various wildlife species.
✔ Ideal for creating wildlife corridors, wildlife food plots, and habitat restoration projects.

Planting Guidelines for Indiangrass

• Planting Times:

  • Late Spring to Early Summer (May–June): Plant when soil temperatures are consistently 60–70°F for optimal germination.
  • Indiangrass prefers planting when temperatures are warm enough to allow good root development during the growing season.

• Seeding Depth:

  • ¼ to ½ inch deep for optimal germination, ensuring good seed-to-soil contact.

• Seeding Rates:

  • Drilled: 5–6 lbs per acre for a uniform stand.
  • Broadcast: 6–8 lbs per acre, followed by light harrowing or cultipacking to ensure proper seed placement and contact with the soil.

• Days to Maturity:

  • 90–120 days to maturity, although the plant can provide some forage and cover earlier in the season as it establishes.

• Height at Maturity:

  • Indiangrass reaches a height of 3–6 feet, with tall, upright stems that provide excellent cover and structure.

• Drought Tolerance:

  • High – Indiangrass is well-adapted to drought conditions due to its deep root system that can access moisture deep in the soil. It is an excellent choice for dryland or low-rainfall areas.

• Saturated Soil Tolerance:

  • Moderate – Indiangrass prefers well-drained soils but can tolerate occasional wet conditions. However, it may struggle in waterlogged soils, especially during germination.

• Shade Tolerance:

  • Low – Indiangrass requires full sun for optimal growth. It does not perform well in shaded areas and requires plenty of sunlight to thrive.

Fertilization Guidelines for Indiangrass

• Soil pH: Indiangrass prefers slightly acidic to neutral soils with a pH range of 5.5–7.0. It can tolerate a range of pH values but grows best in slightly acidic soils.

• Nitrogen (N):

  • Indiangrass is a low-maintenance grass with low nitrogen needs. Excessive nitrogen can lead to excessive vegetative growth, reducing the quality of wildlife food.
    

• Phosphorus (P):

  • Apply 20–40 lbs P₂O₅ per acre if soil tests show phosphorus deficiency. Phosphorus helps promote root development and early plant establishment.

• Potassium (K):

  • Apply 30–50 lbs K₂O per acre for healthy growth, especially in dry conditions. Potassium improves drought tolerance and overall plant health.

Fertilization Timing:

• Apply phosphorus and potassium before planting.
  

Herbicide Use for Indiangrass

• Weed Management:

  • Indiangrass can be susceptible to weed competition, especially during the early stages of growth. Weeds can outcompete young grasses for light, nutrients, and moisture.

• Herbicide Options:

  • Pre-emergence: Herbicides such as Pendimethalin (Prowl) or Imprelis can be used to control broadleaf and grassy weeds before planting.
  • Post-emergence: After establishment, 2,4-D or Fluroxypyr (Starane) can be used to control broadleaf weeds without damaging the grass.
    

Key Considerations:

• Early management of weeds is crucial during the establishment phase.
• Use mechanical or cultural weed control methods if possible, especially in organic or low-input settings.